21 For the prophecy was never uttered according to the will of man, but the holy men of God uttered it, being moved by the Holy Spirit. (The «people of God» who «uttered» prophecies were under the influence of hypnosis, in ancient times it was called «being moved by the Holy Spirit»).
Chapter 2
1 There have also been false prophets among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you, who will introduce pernicious heresies and, rejecting the Lord who redeemed them, will bring upon themselves speedy destruction. («False prophets», «false teachers» are those «people of God» who conducted «wrong» propaganda heresy that does not meet the requirements of behindthe-scenes manipulators, «rejecting the Lord who redeemed them», therefore they must be «destroyed»).
2 And many will follow their debauchery, and through them the way of truth will be reproached. (However, from a religious point of view, everything in the world happens according to the will of God, including «false prophets», «false teachers», antichrists competing currents in the emerging Christianity that discredited each other in every possible way, among them were those trends that rejected faith in Christ, for example, supporters of John the Baptist Many New Testament scholars believe that John was associated with the Qumranite community located in the Judean Desert area, and his teaching was a kind of their teaching. The Qumran manuscripts are manuscripts discovered in caves in the Wadi Qumran area of the Dead Sea in modern Jordan. The first finds date back to 1947. The found fragments of manuscripts are written mainly in Hebrew and Aramaic. The manuscripts belonged to a religious group that did not recognize Orthodox Judaism, and lived in the area in the 2nd century BC 1st century AD Manuscripts. It can be divided into 3 groups: the texts of the Old Testament in Hebrew, as well as translated into Koine and Aramaic; the Old Testament apocrypha; the writings of the Qumranites themselves. The Qumran manuscripts contain different versions of the Old Testament books, including those that do not coincide with the canonical (Masoretic) text. Many texts are identical to those that served as the original for the Septuagint, the Koine translation of the Bible into Greek. Fragments of Ben-Sira, the Book of Tobit, fragments of the Book of Enoch in Hebrew and Aramaic were found from the Old Testament apocrypha (before that, only fragments into Greek and translations into Old Slavonic and Ethiopian languages were known), «testaments» of individual patriarchs, etc. The works of the Qumranites themselves include the Charter of the community, the Scroll of War, the Scroll of Hymns, comments on prophecies, and a number of others. The Charter deals with the goals of the community, the order of admission of members, their duties. The idea of the struggle of the kingdom of light and righteousness with the kingdom of darkness and evil is carried out. The Scroll of War depicts the last battle between them. The commentaries decipher the prophecies, which, according to the Qumranites, are contained in the Bible, about the fate of their community. The commentary to Habakkuk mentions the founder of the community, the «teacher of righteousness», who was persecuted by an «unholy priest». Some researchers tend to see the «teacher of righteousness» as a prototype of Jesus Christ, as well as other leaders of the community. The Qumranites professed Judaism, but did not recognize the authority of the high priests, they called their community the New Union (meaning union with God), and themselves «sons of light», Ebionites «beggars», «simpletons». They believed that the decisive battle of the «sons of light» with the «sons of darkness» would come and evil would be defeated. In anticipation of this, the Qumranites lived in a closed community. They introduced the community of property, joint work, condemned slavery. To get into the community, you had to go through trials. Strict discipline was maintained within the community: priests were at the head: the «younger» members (who had not yet passed all the tests) obeyed the «elders». The Qumranites were part of the Essen movement. Essenes, Essenes, Essenes a Jewish sect, information about which has been preserved by the writers of the 1st century A.D. Josephus, Pliny the Elder, Philo of Alexandria. The Essenes formed communities in which, as a rule, there was no private property, slavery was condemned, physical labor was mandatory, and trade was prohibited in a number of communities. Pliny the Elder wrote that the Essenes lived in seclusion, there were no women among them, they rejected carnal love, did not know money («Natural History», V. 17, 73). The communities of Essen were closed in nature, it was difficult to get into them. The Essenes took an active part in the anti-Roman uprising in Judea in 6673, for which, according to Josephus, the Romans subjected the captured Essenes to cruel tortures («The Jewish War», II, 8, 213). Leo Taxil in The Funny Bible (p. 404) states that the Essenes, or Essenes, who lived in a commune, professed tolerance. They adopted various Persian beliefs. Most modern scientists consider members of the Qumran community (Qumranites) to be Essenes. The Qumranite community was destroyed during the uprising against the Romans. Their ideology had a certain influence on the formation of early Christianity. In the II century BC II centuries AD, there were also religious and political sects of the Pharisees and Sadducees in Judea. The Pharisees (other-Heb. Perushim separated) were an ancient Jewish sect that united representatives of the middle strata. The Pharisees insisted on strict observance of the precepts of Judaism, preached the doctrine of the afterlife, took hostile positions against Hellenistic culture, and were distinguished by ostentatious piety. The sect laid the foundations of the Talmud and the synagogue. Ambrogio Donini in the book «At the Origins of Christianity», p. 40, writes: «But the most ancient Christian communities of Palestine, we should not forget this, known as Ebionites (poor), did not differ from them (Pharisees Tikhomirs). They observed full rest on Saturdays, the day dedicated to Yahweh, and performed the main Jewish solemn rites in an order that was already different from Jerusalem and was approaching the Christian calendar with its compromise between the lunar and solar cycles. They preferred to call themselves the sons of Zadok, after the great Biblical priest, with whom the Sadducees are also associated.» Sadducees (on behalf of Zadok, the founder of the dynasty of the high priests of the Jerusalem temple. The Prophet Ezekiel came from a noble priestly family of the Sadokids, from a family that lived in Jerusalem itself, and, apparently, was on the staff of the Jerusalem temple. Perhaps Ezekiel himself performed priestly duties for some time. In any case, as can be seen from his prophecies, he was well aware of the temple orders, the topography of the temple and what was happening in its most intimate rooms, and tried to justify the monopoly right of the Sadokids to perform the main priestly duties at the temple, the right that the Sadokids appropriated to themselves after the reform of Josiah) an ancient Jewish sect consisting of a priestly the aristocracy. The Sadducees defended the positions of the slave-owning elite, with whom their interests were connected. They recognized the Torah and denied the oral tradition the Talmud. Jesus Christ was connected not only with the «beggars, the poor» the Ebionites, and hence with the Essenes, but he was also a Nazarene-Nazarene. The Nazarene, man or woman, was not to drink wine and other intoxicating drinks, not to cut his hair, not to enter any house in which there was a dead body. Some Nazarenes were dedicated to God by their parents for life. Jesus was also associated with the Parthian Persians, acting under the name of «angels», who wore shiny clothes and wings on their backs the Persian Faravahar. That is why there are many things in the activity of Jesus that contradicted the canons of the Essenes (Ebionites), the Nazarenes, the Jews, and the Parthian-Persian Zoroastrianism. In addition, the real father of Jesus was a Greek of Syrian origin, who escaped from the Roman army, a Panther. In the person of Jesus Christ, there was a kind of protest in a generalized sense, where many of the beliefs and worldviews of that time acted together against the despotism of the corrupt Jerusalem hierocracy and their Roman masters).