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If mass and energy are considered together, the total amount of mass and energy remains the same. The principle of mass conservation has been modified into what is called the principle of conservation of mass energy. The Theory of Relativity shows that mass and energy can be considered to be totally interconvertible, and the amount of energy produced, when matter is destroyed, is given by the well known equation E = mc2 (E is the energy released, m is the mass destroyed, and c is the velocity of light).
1.6. Составьте предложения по образцу:
Ответы выделены полужирным курсивом.
Pattern 1. Physicists classify energy into several types: kinetic, potential, heat, sound, radiant, electrical, chemical and nuclear energy.
Физики классифицируют энергию на несколько типов: кинетическую, потенциальную, тепловую, звуковую, энергию излучения, электрическую, химическую и ядерную.
1. Physicists classify physical science into several fields: mechanics, sound, heat, electricity, etc.
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Pattern 2. The two principal forms of kinetic energy are known as translation and rotational. Две основные формы кинетической энергии известны как поступательная и вращательная
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2. The four states of matter are known as solid, gas, liquid and plasma.
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Pattern 3. Kinetic energy is possessed by an object by virtue of its motion. Кинетической энергией обладает объект в силу своего движения.
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3. Heat energy is possessed by an object by virtue its temperature.
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1.7. Найдите предложение, содержание которого не соответствует теме и смыслу текста.
Ответы выделен полужирным курсивом
1. Physicists classify energy into several types: kinetic, potential, heat, sound, radiant energy and electrical, chemical and nuclear energy.
2. Sound can be considered as a special form of kinetic energy.
3. The splitting process is known as nuclear fission.
4. Some companies produce devices that are already powered by solar energy.
5. Chemical energy is possessed by substances that undergo a chemical reaction, such as combustion
1.8. Найдите перевод терминов из текста
1. gravitational energy
2. kinetic energy
3. heat energy
4. radiant energy
5. electrical energy
6. chemical energy
7. nuclear energy
8. electric and magnetic fields
9. to exist in the absence of matter
10. испускают избыточную энергию в виде излучения release of enormous amounts of energy in the form of heat, light, and radioactivity
11. vibrations in the molecules of the medium
12. приобретать или терять электрический заряд
13. an electric current
14. the principle of conservation of energy
1.9. Переведите выражения из текста на русский язык письменно
1. the ability to do work ____________________________________________
2. to classify energy _________________________________________________
3. by virtue of its motion __________________________________________
4. to accelerate the object to a particular velocity ________________________
5. the temperature depends on the motion ___________________________
6. ultraviolet radiation _____________________________________________
7. visible light ____________________________________________________
8. the movement of charges _________________________________________
9. nuclear fission ___________________________________________________
10. nuclear fusion ___________________________________________________
11. the emission of atomic particles _____________________________________
1.10. Заполните пропуски терминами, данными в конце упражнения
1. Energy can be defined as the _____ to do work.
2. Kinetic energy is possessed by a _____ object by virtue of its motion.
3. Sound energy consists of moving waves of _____ in a medium such as air, water, or metal.
4. The movement of charges constitutes an _____ _____, which flows between two objects at different potentials when they are joined by a _____.
5. The splitting process is known as nuclear _____, the joining together as nuclear _____.
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