In this case, the particles are divided into 2 groups heavy particles of the order of MeV / A. E. M. and electron antineutrino, so heavy particles are considered separately, where the proton energy is considered as the smallest for the heaviest particle, and after the proportional mass of the proton and electron is the distribution between the electron and electron antineutrino. So a proton will get 0.52524 MeV, an electron 13.427111 keV and the rest of the huge value of the order of 0.2465 MeV gets an electron neutrino, but then the standard 1.028676 MeV are added to them, and it turns out that in total for a proton and an electron without Coulomb energy 13.42711153 keV, and together 1 042.10311153 keV.
Then the cycle repeats, but now the total energy of the electron and proton will not be 134.271 eV, but 134.345 eV and this energy remains completely stable. If we return to neutrinos, then their energy will be artificially derived from the reaction associated with the collision of an antineutrino and a proton, with the release of a neutron and a positron, which immediately annihilates. Now we should turn to a more industrial and realistic scale, explaining the real benefits of having such a system.
The first question is to initially generate and find these neutrons, namely to generate them artificially, that is, to direct the flow of protons and electrons with the right energy opposite each other. But at the same time, do not forget that both beams must have a strong focus, because if the beams disperse, there will simply be no collisions. Now, with regard to the energy given, it is clear that it does not matter in principle, because it is easy to add to all other values, so for example, you can choose an energy of 100 keV for electrons and 50 keV for protons immediately ionizing them from hydrogen.
It turns out that protons are targets, and electrons are projectiles, as a result, 150 keV is added and neutrons are obtained, but before that, the electron energy is slowed down by an additional electromagnetic field created outside the accelerator chamber and drooping inside the compartment, where the reaction takes place. Thus, this energy for the proton is also reduced to values of the order of 1 keV, with the help of magnetic traps, so that they collide, and to eliminate the error by which the electron will simply rotate around the proton due to this additional kinetic energy, because, for comparison, the energy of the electron in the first orbit is 13.6 eV.
For both cases, about 10 MW of energy was expended, and therefore the beam currents are 100 A for electrons and 200 A for protons. This accelerator is a cyclotron, which is pulsed, so its frequency has an order of 12.1912.2 MHz, with a beam charge of 8.2 MCL for electrons and 16.4 for protons, respectively. That is, about 5,0225 * 10
17
26
Now, returning to the antineutrino, when neutrons are already available, it is important to describe the following system. There is a secondary chamber around the neutron chamber, in which protons with low energies of the order of 1020 eV will have to rotate, but with as huge currents as possible. It is desirable to bring the currents in this case up to 45 MA, or to make several channels of rotation in a magnetic field, with such currents, maximizing the density of the location of protons around the chamber itself. Further, this whole system is placed in a huge tank with cadmium chloride, with a total volume of about 10001500 liters. The electron antineutrino, according to the method of Cowens and Reines, as in the experiment of 1956, will fly out to collide with protons located as tightly as possible. In the very experiment of the discoverers of neutrinos, they encountered hydrogen atoms in water, where the distance between two hydrogen atoms of two molecules was about 0.15 nm and was only 3 acts per hour. Here the distance is almost the Coulomb barrier of a proton or 1.4 fm, which is 10
71
But here there is an action of one trick, in the last experiment about 200 liters of water or 6.69 * 10
27
2
15
29
2
32
32
32
29
Gamma quanta themselves perfectly capture advanced scintillation counters, generating energy of the order of 2.4953789 *10
17
But if we go back to protons and electrons, their energy will initially be 134.271 eV, until it increases to 134.345 and becomes stable. So you can increase energy, but if you pay attention, each time the increase is the same energy, therefore, so much should be taken out of the cycle. When the necessary neutrons were created in the accelerator and this whole system, where they are also divided into electrons and protons that are attracted to each other, already in the same chamber they are transferred to a small compartment a kind of TOKAMAK with the help of electromagnets, which, although they consume a lot, but not a little energy is generated. So this plasma begins to rotate inside the torus, around which thousands of metal wires are wrapped, which receive energy from electromagnetic induction.
The effect of electromagnetic induction is already known, and since these charges with such energies will flow, the current will flow on the external circuit and acquire energy. So, extracting 134.345 eV each time, this system is maintained in a stable state, now you can turn off the accelerator it will no longer be useful, only if there is no need to increase the number of particles.
As a result, having spent only 6 GWh in total to create beams, shells of protons and others, as well as about a part on the accelerator and magnets, that is, in total about 78 GWh of energy, it turns out with the number of neutrons in 3,73625* 10
29
It turns out that the force of attraction by a charge is used here and energy is obtained from this, because these forces and laws will always act and will not change their strength! It turns out that the force of attraction by the charge is used here and electrical energy is derived from this, because these forces and laws will always act and will not change their strength. Moreover, the system is fully controlled, the only thing is, if you increase the number of neutrons and wait for the right stage, you can artificially produce one of the most powerful explosions.
With this technology, it is possible to supply a maximum current of up to 12.2 MA for neutrons for high-current devices, and if the energy of the tsar bomb or AN-602 leaves 2.4* 10
17
18
21
Used literature
1. Brown, A. G. Atomic and nuclear physics. Elements of quantum mechanics. Workshop: Textbook / A. G. Brown, I. G. Levitina. M.: Infra-M, 2019. 352 p.
2. Deltsov, V. P. Physics: to get to the very essence! Desktop book for indepth study of physics in secondary school: Atomic and nuclear physics / V. P. Deltsov, V. V. Deltsov. M.: Lenand, 2017. 176 p.
3. Kalashnikov, N. P. Practicum on solving problems in the general course of physics. Fundamentals of quantum physics. The structure of matter. Atomic and nuclear physics: A textbook / N. P. Kalashnikov. St. Petersburg: Lan, 2014. 240 p.
4. Lange, V. N. Physical paradoxes, sophisms and entertaining tasks. Book 2: Electricity and Magnetism. Vibrations and waves. Optics. The theory of relativity. Atomic and nuclear physics / V. N. Lange. M.: CD Librocom, 2018. 232 p.
5. Landsberg, G. S. Elementary textbook of physics of Vibrations and waves, optics, atom. and nuclear physics vol.3 / G. S. Landsberg. M.: Fizmatlit, 2012. 664 p.
6. Landsberg, G. S. Elementary textbook of Physics vol.3 Vibrations and waves, optics, atomic and nuclear physics. 15th i / G. S. Landsberg. M.: Fizmatlit, 2016. 664 p.
7. Landsberg, G. S. Elementary textbook of Physics. Vol.3. Wave oscillations. Optics. Atomic and nuclear physics: Textbook / G. S. Landsberg. M.: Fizmatlit, 2016. 664 p.