Следует помнить, что модальные конструкции:to be to, to have toимеют одинаковое значениедолжен,однако с разными оттенками долженствования.E.g. I am to go there. Я обязан ( должен по плану, по договорённости) поехать туда. I have to go there. Я вынужден поехать туда ( должен вместо Н., который заболел ).
Форма have без got и do сохраняется в устной и письменной формах официально-делового стиля. Например:
Have you an appointment?
Однако неосложненное have постепенно вытесняется формами с got и do.
Например:
Например:
Have you got the money? ( обладание)
Do you have the money?
Ive got a new car.
She hasnt got a car.
He has got a brother. ( родственные отношения)
Устойчивые сочетания на основе глаголаhaveI have ( got) a cold. Я простудился.
He has an appointment. У него назначена встреча.
He has a lesson. У него занятие.
He has breakfast ( dinner, lunch, ) at 7. Он завтракает в 7.
to have a swim ( a bath, a shave, a sleep, a day off, a nice evening, a walk, a shower, a rest, a dream, a holiday)
She has a baby. У нее родился ребенок.
Ive got an idea. У меня есть идея.
Вопросы с этими сочетаниями бывают только сdo, did.
Eg. Did you have a good holiday?
Exercise 1. Use: am, is, are.
1) He a student. 2) You French. 3) I a teacher. 4) It a car. 5) Nick from Glasgow. 6) Ann a doctor. 7) We to go there. 8) He sleeping now. 9) We in Moscow now. 10) They invited to the party. 11) Ann to learn the poem.
Exercise 2. Use: have (got), has (got).
1) We many relatives in Moscow. 2) They to study many subjects. 3) She a good computer. 4) I done the work. 5) Linda a brother. 6) David and Mike to correct all their mistakes. 7) Nick to water plants. 8) I a good day.
Exercise 3. Use: do, does.
1) you like this book? 2) We this work together. 3)You not play tennis. But I 4) He his work on time. 5) Julia and Ann like my cooking! 6) My brother not want to live in a noisy street. 7) His dog not play with mine.
Exercise 4. Use: I, you, he, she, it, we, they. Sometimes several variants are possible.
1) am speaking now. 2) Where are Kate and Jane? are playing volleyball in the park. 3) dont like rain. brings me in a bad mood. 4) is not late. is on time. 5) What color is your new car? is white. 6) have to work in the garden today. 7) am to stay at home on Sunday. 8) are to go to Moscow this week. Are going with us? 9) Mary is playing the piano. is a good musician.
Exercise 5. Point out the functions of the verbs to be, to have, to do. Translate the sentences.
1) I dont play chess well. 2) He is an engineer. 3) She has to work this Saturday. 4) We have got a new car. It is blue. 5) Pete is in London. He is to make a report about an agricultural exhibition. 6) Sorry, we are late. 7) They did win all the matches! 8) Why dont you visit him? 9) He doesnt do his work. He is in hospital. 10) We have to correct this mistake immediately. 11) Her car is broken. 12) Thanks for everything we had a great time. 13) Have you ever had your own business? 14) She didnt pay cash, did she? 15) Lets have a look at it.
Exercise 6. Translate the sentences.
1) Он не инженер. Он студент. 2) Нам придётся сделать это самим. 3) Вы делаете утреннюю зарядку каждый день? Да. 4) Что она сейчас делает? Она рисует. 5) Где ваша машина? Она в гараже. 6) У него есть брат? Нет, у него есть сестра. 7) Тебе предстоит поехать туда. 8) Как у тебя дела? Хорошо, спасибо. 9) Кто она по профессии? Повар. 10) Ты не любишь зиму. Очень люблю. 11) Она действительно учится водить машину ( to drive a car ).
Exercise 7. Some sentences are wrong. Correct them.
1) I had a garden big near my house.
2) She have a new neighbour.
3) Their house are not very large.
4) We always do our work well and in time.
5) We are to cook dinner.
6) He has to stay at home yesterday.
7) Lived I at the hotel.
8) It is cold, is it?
9) Baltimore is not far from Washington.
10) Be quiet!
11) You knows as much as I do.
12) Who has eaten all the grapes?
LESSON 2
Task 1. Answer the questions.
1) Do you live with your family?
2) Is your family large?
3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they?
4) Do you have any brothers or sisters?
5) Who is the youngest in your family?
6) Who do you look like?
7) Have you got a pet?
8) What is your brothers (sisters) hobby?
9) What is your mothers (fathers) occupation?
Task 2. Interview your groupmates. Find someone in your group whose family is large, ( whose mothers name is Mary, whose father is a doctor, who has relatives abroad, whose hobby is cooking ).
Use the phrases: May I ask you a question?
Yes, certainly
Have you got ( What is your ? What is hobby?)
Really?
Task 3. Complete the table.
Task 4. Memorize the following words and phrases:
1. relative [΄relətiv] родственник; distant/close [΄distənt] [kləus] дальний/близкий
2. to be married [΄mærid] быть замужем (женатым)
3. to get married пожениться
4. to be single [΄siŋgl] быть не замужем (не женатым)
5. to follow family customs [΄k٨stəmz] соблюдать семейные традиции
6. to take after his (her) mother (father) in character унаследовать характер матери (отца)