10
Эмический подход предполагает взгляд изнутри, глазами инсайдера, тогда как этический подход подразумевает взгляд снаружи, глазами стороннего наблюдателя (прим. пер.).
11
Индуктивный метод предполагает формулирование умозаключений на основе перехода от частных положений к общим, то есть снизу вверх (прим. пер.).
12
Fukuyama F. The End of History and The Last Man. New York: Free Press, 1992.
13
ODonnell G., Schmitter P. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Comparative Perspectives. Baltimore; London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986; Diamond L., Linz J., Lipset S. M. Democracy in Developing Countries. London: Lynne Rienner, 1989.
14
Carothers T. Democracy Assistance: The Question of Strategy // Democratization. 1997. Vol. 4. 3. P. 109132; Idem. Aiding Democracy Abroad: The Learning Curve. Washington: CEIP, 1999.
15
Holmes S. Democracy for Losers // Brave New Hungary: Mapping the «System of National Cooperation». Lanham: Lexington Books, 2019. P. 291302.
16
Sen A. Democracy as a Universal Value // Journal of Democracy. 1999. Vol. 10. 3. P. 317.
17
Schmitter P., Karl T. The Conceptual Travels of Transitologists and Consolidologists // Slavic Review. 1994. Vol. 53. 1. P. 173185; Bunce V. Should Transitologists Be Grounded? // Slavic Review. 1995. Vol. 54. 1. P. 111127; Levitsky S., Way L. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
18
Carothers T. The End of the Transition Paradigm // Journal of Democracy. 2002. Vol. 13. 1. P. 521; Levitsky S., Way L. Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War.
19
См. например, критический метаанализ этих изменений: Cassani A. Hybrid What? Partial Consensus and Persistent Divergences in the Analysis of Hybrid Regimes // International Political Science Review. 2014. Vol. 35. 5. P. 542558.
20
См. например, критический метаанализ: Bogaards M. Where to Draw the Line? From Degree to Dichotomy in Measures of Democracy // Democratization. 2012. Vol. 19. 4. P. 690712.
21
Bunce V. Should Transitologists Be Grounded? P. 112. Ср.: Sartori G. Comparing and Miscomparing // Journal of Theoretical Politics. 1991. Vol. 3. 3. P. 243257.
22
Хантингтон С. Третья волна. Демократизация в конце XX века. М.: РОССПЭН, 2003.
23
Zakaria F. The Rise of Illiberal Democracy // Foreign Affairs. 1997. Vol. 76. 6. P. 2243.
24
Хантингтон С. Третья волна; ODonnell G., Schmitter P. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Comparative Perspectives. Baltimore and London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1986; Schmitter P. Transitology: The Science or the Art of Democratization? // The Consolidation of Democracy in Latin America. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 1995. P. 1141; Przeworski A. Transitions to Democracy // Democracy and the Market. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. P. 5199.
25
Linz J., Stepan A. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe. Baltimore; London: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996; Mainwaring S., O Donnell G., Valenzuela J. S. Issues in Democratic Consolidation: New South American Democracies in Comparative Perspective. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 1992; Diamond L. Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
26
Schimmelfennig F., Sedelmeie U. The Europeanization of Central and Eastern Europe. New York: Cornell University Press, 2005.
27
Levitz P., Pop-Eleches G. Why No Backsliding? // Comparative Political Studies. 2010. Vol. 43. 4. P. 457485.
28
Magyar B. Parallel System Narratives: Polish and Hungarian Regime Formations Compared // Stubborn Structures: Reconceptualizing Post-Communist Regimes. Budapest; New York: CEU Press, 2019. P. 611655.
29
Collier D., Levitsky S. Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research // World Politics. 1997. Vol. 49. 3. P. 430451.
30
Пример метаанализа см.: Bogaards M. How to Classify Hybrid Regimes? Defective Democracy and Electoral Authoritarianism // Democratization. 2009. Vol. 16. 2. P. 399423.
31
Diamond L. Thinking About Hybrid Regimes.
32
Croissant A. From Transition to Defective Democracy: Mapping Asian Democratization // Democratization. 2004. Vol. 11. 5. P. 156178.
33
Bozóki A. Beyond «Illiberal Democracy»: The Case of Hungary // New Politics of Decisionism. Hague: Eleven International Publishing, 2019. P. 9498.
34
Bozóki A., Hegedűs D. Democracy, Dictatorship and Hybrid Regimes.
35
Wigell M. Mapping «Hybrid Regimes»: Regime Types and Concepts in Comparative Politics // Democratization. 2008. Vol. 15. 2. P. 230250.
36
Gilbert L., Mohseni P. Beyond Authoritarianism: The Conceptualization of Hybrid Regimes // Studies in Comparative International Development. 2011. Vol. 46. 3. P. 270.
37
Kornai J. The System Paradigm Revisited: Clarification and Additions in the Light Of Experiences in the Post-Communist Region // Stubborn Structures: Reconceptualizing Post-Communist Regimes. P. 2174.
38
Ср.: Armony A., Schamis H. Babel in Democratization Studies // Journal of Democracy. 2005. Vol. 16. 4. P. 113128.