Упражнение 6. Introduce your friends by composing similar dialogues
Упражнение 7. Find the meaning of the following words in the dictionary
Запомните:
Упражнение 8. Determine the gender of these words
Russian nouns have gender. There are three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. The gender of animated nouns (persons or animals) is generally determined by their sex. The gender of unanimated nouns can be discerned only by endings:
masculine consonant or й
дом, музей,
feminine а, я
страна, фамилия,
neuter о, е
окно, упражнение
Note. Nouns with ь may be either masculinte or feminine. The ending must be memorized
словарь, преподаватель masculine
национальность, тетрадь feminine
Упражнение 9. Write the five items you have
In Russian there is a verb «быть» (to be). Derivative of it is «есть», but it is not used as in English. They speak Russian without using the verb «to be» in sentences like «Im a student», «Im Russian»: я студент, я русский, not «я есть студент».
«Есть» is used to express the idea of possession. It refers to «to have» in combination with the preposition у and personal pronoun in the indirect case.
Урок 2. Числа
Lesson 2. Numerals
Note:
In Russian there are cases. That is wy «thousand» and «million» get different endings after definite numbers. It also conserns to the nouns after these numbers.
Упражнение 1. Exchange phone numbers
Упражнение 2. How old are you? Make similar dialogs.
Сколько тебе (Вам) лет?
Мне 21 год /23 года/19 лет
Упражнение 3. Say each others age
Ему 24 года (masculine)
Ей 24 года (femine)
Упражнение 4. How much do these products approxmately cost in Russia and in your country?
Упражнение 5. Say your address
Мой адрес Улица (Street) Ленина
Дом (house) 5
Квартира (flat) 13
Упражнение 6. What time is it2?
Сколько времени?
11:23 (Одиннадцать часов, двадцать три минуты)
Который час?
20:17 (Двадцать часов (восемь часов вечера), семнадцать минут)
Упражнение 7. Read the numbers
Упражнение 8. Write and read numbers
1018, 2016, 2046, 3084, 3023,4193, 4259,5342, 5475, 6554, 6766, 8899,9906
Урок 3 Личные, указательные и притяжательные местоимения Члены семьи, профессии. Lesson 3. Personal, demonstrative and possessive pronouns. Family members, professions
As you know, there are six cases in Russian: nominative, genitive, dative, accusative, instrumental and prepositional. Pronouns also vary in cases. In this tutorial, well talk first about nominative, dative, accusative, and then about genitive. Consider for example the pronouns I. Im nominative (who), me accusative (whom), me dative (to whom). Compare the following sentences in English and Russian.
For subject is used the nominative case. The accusative is used if somebody or something is not subject but object. The principal meaning of the accusative is to designate a person or thing to whom or which and action is being done. The dative case is used in Russian for the indirect object of a sentence. The indirect object is normally the person who receives the direct object.
We have already said that the expression у меня есть means I have. This is a preposition, after which the genitive is used. Personal pronouns in the genitive case except он, она, оно have the same forms as in the accusative case. The primary meaning of the Russian genitive case is to show possession.
Упражнение 1. What family members do you have
Члены семьи (Family members)
Grandparents3
У меня нет I do not have4
Дедушки
Бабушки
Родителей
Папы
Мамы
Детей
Сына (Брата)
Дочери (Сестры)
Внуков
Внука
Внучки
Родственников
Мужа
Жены
Дяди
Тёти
Племянника
Племянницы
Двоюродного брата
Двоюродной сестры
Упражнение 2. Tell about your family using the table.
In the Russian language there are possessive pronouns. Possessive pronouns are a group of words indicating a sign of an object by its affiliation (something to someone) and answering questions whose (чей). They can be masculine, feminine, neuter or plural. The gender and number of possessive pronouns is determined by the noun in front of which they stand. For example: мой папа (m), моя мама (f), моё упражнение (n), мои родители (pl).