71
Hart, The Southern South, p. 294.
72
Ibid., p. 292.
73
Washington in the Forum, p. 270.
74
Review of Reviews, p. 318.
75
Review of Reviews, p. 319.
76
Ibid., p. 319.
77
Weatherford, Negro Life in the South, p. 110.
78
Washington and Du Bois, The Negro in the South, p. 64.
79
Ibid., p. 71.
80
Washington, Working with the Hands, p. 239.
81
Washington and Du Bois, The Negro in the South, p. 61.
82
"One of the most assailable laws ever passed by the Congress of the United States Under this act the Negro had no chance; the meshes of the law were artfully contrived to aid the master and entrap the slave." Rhodes, History of the United States, I, 185.
83
"A large proportion of the colored persons who have fled from the free states have sought refuge in Canada where they have been received with remarkable kindness and have testified the grateful sense of their reception by their exemplary conduct." American Anti-slavery Society, annual report for 1851, p. 31.
84
Liberator, October 18, 1850.
85
Annual report for 1851, p. 30.
86
A file of this paper for 1851 and 1852 is in the library of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
87
American Missionary Association, Sixth Annual Report, 1852, p. 34.
88
Mitchell, Underground Railroad, p. 113.
89
Liberator, October 4, 1850.
90
Ibid., October 18, 1850.
91
Ibid., October 4, 1850.
92
Ibid., April 25, 1851.
93
Ibid., May 2, 1851.
94
Siebert, Underground Railroad, p. 249.
95
Ibid., p. 249.
96
Stevens, Anthony Burns, a History, p. 208.
97
American Anti-slavery Society, Eleventh Annual Report, 1851, p. 31.
98
The Voice of the Fugitive, April 9, 1851.
99
Cong. Herald, May 13, 1861, quoted in American Missionary Association, 15th annual report, 1861, p. 28. There is evidence that the Fugitive Slave Law was used in some cases to strike fear into the hearts of Negroes in order to cause them to abandon their property. The Liberator of October 25, 1850, quotes the Detroit Free Press to the effect that land speculators have been scaring the Negroes in some places in the north in order to get possession of their properties.
100
American Anti-slavery Society, Twenty-seventh Annual Report, 1861, p. 49.
101
In The Liberator of July 30, 1852, a letter from Hiram Wilson, at St. Catharines, says: "Arrivals from slavery are frequent."
102
The Voice of the Fugitive, July 29, 1852.
103
Ibid., July 1, 1852.
104
St. Catharine's Journal, quoted in The Voice of the Fugitive, September 23, 1852.
105
Quoted in The Liberator, September 12, 1851.
106
Liberator, February 14, 1851.
107
The Voice of the Fugitive, August 27, 1851.
108
Quoted in American Anti-slavery Society, Twenty-seventh Report, 1861.
109
American Anti-slavery Society, Twenty-seventh Annual Report, 1861, pp. 48-49.
110
P. 157.
111
Rhodes, History of the United States, I, 210.
112
Ibid., I, 224-25. See also Ward, Autobiography of a Fugitive Negro, p. 127.
113
Ibid., I, 222-23. See also The Voice of the Fugitive, June 3 and July 1, 1852.
114
Schauler, History of the United States, V, 290-291.
115
Troy, Hairbreadth Escapes, pp. 39-43.
116
Liberator, June 11, 1852. See also The Voice of the Fugitive, June 17, 1852.
117
Ibid., July 30, 1852.
118
Liberator, Sept. 12, 1851; The Voice of the Fugitive, Sept. 24, 1851; Anti-slavery Tracts, New Series, No. 15, p. 19.
119
Sandusky Commercial Register, Oct. 21, 1852; Liberator, Oct. 29, 1852; Anti-slavery Tracts, New Series, No. 15, p. 24.
120
The Voice of the Fugitive, February 12, 1851.
121
Ninth Annual Report, N. Y., 1855, p. 47
122
American Anti-slavery Society, Eleventh Annual Report, 1851, p. 100.
123
The Voice of the Fugitive of January 15, 1851, and November 18, 1852.
124
Ibid., January 1 and May 20, 1852.
125
Troy, Hair-breadth Escapes, pp. 108 and 122.