HABITAT.Burmah (Bhamo, Yunan).
DESCRIPTION (apud Dobson).Head flat; upper labial glands so developed as to cause a deep depression between them on the face behind the nostrils; ears broad as long from behind; the outer margin extends from the tip to its termination near the corner of the mouth without emargination or lobe; tragus broad; inner margin straight; outer convex; small triangular lobe at base. Fur chocolate brown above, lighter on head and neck; beneath dark brown with lighter tips on the pubes, and along the thighs dirty white or pale buff.
SIZE.Head and body, 1·9 inch; tail, 1·65 inch.
There is a good figure of the head of this bat in Dobson's Monograph; it was obtained by Dr. J. Anderson at an elevation of 4500 feet at Bhamo.
NO. 82. VESPERUGO PACHYOTISDESCRIPTION."This species is readily distinguished by the peculiar thickness of the lower half of the outer side of the ear-conch, which appears as it were excavated out of the thick integument of the neck; tragus short, curved inwards."Dobson.
This bat is more fully described with three illustrations in Dobson's Monograph; he does not mention where it is found, so it may or it may not be an Indian species.
NO. 83. VESPERUGO ATRATUS Syn.NYCTICEJUS ATRATUSHABITAT.Darjeeling.
DESCRIPTION.Head broad; muzzle obtuse; upper labial glands largely developed; ears large, oval, with rounded tips, which in the natural position of the ears appear acute, owing to the longitudinal folding of the outer side of the conch on the inner, commencing at and almost bisecting the tip (Dobson). Fur long, dense and black; Jerdon says rich dark brown; paler beneath.
SIZE.Head and body, 1·9 inch; tail, 1·8 inch.
NO. 84. VESPERUGO TICKELLIHABITAT.Chybassa, Jashpur, and Sirguja.
DESCRIPTION.Head broad and flat; labial glands developed; ears moderate, rounded above; outer edge straight, emarginate opposite base of tragus, terminating in a small lobe; tragus lunate; tail long; last vertebra free. The face is more clad with fur than in other species of this genus; fur of the body pale, straw brown above, pale buff beneath. For a fuller description and illustration, see Dobson's Monograph.
SIZE.Head and body, 1·65 inch; tail, 2 inches.
NO. 85. VESPERUGO PACHYPUSHABITAT.Darjeeling, Tenasserim, and Andaman Islands.
DESCRIPTION.Crown of head very flat; ears short, triangular, with broadly rounded tips, tragus short; under surface of the base of the thumb and soles of the feet with broad fleshy pads; wings rather short; fur fine and dense, above reddish brown, paler beneath.
SIZE.Head and body, 1·75 inch; tail 1 inch.
NO. 86. VESPERUGO ANNECTANSHABITAT.Naga Hills and Assam.
DESCRIPTION.Muzzle sharper; face hairy; ears pointed; tragus long; colour dark brown; illustration in Dobson's Monograph.
SIZE.About 2 inches; tail, 1·6 inch.
Unites the appearance of a Vespertilio to the dentition of Vesperugo.
NO. 87. VESPERUGO DORMERIHABITAT.Southern India and Bellary Hills.
DESCRIPTION.Head flat; ears shorter, triangular, with rounded tips; tragus with a small triangular lobe near base of outer margin; fur brown, with ashy tips above, darker brown below, with the terminal third of the hairs white. Dentition approaches the next genus, there being only one pair of unicuspidate upper incisors placed, one by each upper canine.
NO. 88. (VESPERUGO) SCOTOPHILUS SEROTINUS Syn.VESPERUGO SEROTINUSThe Silky Bat (Jerdon's No. 35)HABITAT.Europe, but extending through Asia to the Himalayas, Beluchistan and Kashmir.
DESCRIPTION.Ears shorter than head, widely separate, ovate, angular, projecting forward, terminating in a convex; lobe ending on a level with the corner of the mouth; tragus twice the length of its breadth, semi-cordate; fur deep bay or chestnut brown; above fulvous, grey beneath; hairs of back long and silky, but the colour of the fur varies considerably.
SIZE.Head and body, 2½ inches; tail, 2; wing expanse, 13.
This is a rare bat in India, though Captain Hutton has procured it at Mussoorie. In England it is not uncommon even near London; it flies steadily and rather slow, and is found in ruins, roofs of churches, and sometimes old hollow trees.
NO. 89. (VESPERUGO) SCOTOPHILUS LEISLERI Syn.VESPERUGO LEISLERIThe Hairy-armed Bat (Jerdon's No. 36)HABITAT.Himalayas.
DESCRIPTION.Ears short, oval, triangular; tragus short, rounded at tip; membrane attached to base of outer toe; all toes short; membrane over the arms very hairy, some cross-lines of hair on the interfemoral membrane; fur long, deep fuscous brown at base, chestnut at the tip; beneath greyish brown.Jerdon.
SIZE.Head and body, 2¼ inches; tail, 3¾; expanse, 11½.
SCOTOPHILUS PACHYOMUS(Jerdon's No. 37)Synonymous with his No. 35; see Dobson's Monograph.
NO. 90. (VESPERUGO) SCOTOPHILUS COROMANDELIANUS Syn.VESPERUGO ABRAMUS; VESPERTILIO COROMANDELICUSThe Coromandel Bat (Jerdon's No. 38)HABITAT.India generally, Burmah and Ceylon.
DESCRIPTION.Ears triangular, rather large; outer margin straight or slightly concave; tragus lunate; feet small; wing membrane attached to the base of the toes; fur short, above dingy brown, the hairs tipped with a lighter tinge, paler beneath.
SIZE.2½ inches, including tail, which is about 1-1/8; wing expanse, 7½.
This is a very common little bat, akin to the English Pipistrelle, and is found everywhere in roofs, hollow bamboos, &c.
NO. 91. (VESPERUGO) SCOTOPHILUS LOBATUS Syn.VESPERUGO KUHLIIThe Lobe-eared Bat (Jerdon's No. 39)HABITAT.India generally.
DESCRIPTION.Ears small, triangular; the base of the margin very convex forward; a triangular lobule above the base of the outer margin; tragus short and uniform in width; a short muzzle; wings from the base of the toes; feet small; calcaneum long; tip of tail free; fur blackish yellow above, ashy beneath.
SIZE.Two and a-half inches, of which the tail is 1¼; expanse 7-2/3. Jerdon, quoting Tomes, states that this is the same as V. Abramus, but that is the synonym of the last species.
GENUS SCOTOPHILUSMuzzle short, bluntly conical, devoid of hair; ears longer than broad; tail shorter than the head and body; wing membrane attached to the base of the toes.
Dentition: Inc., 11/6; can., 11/11; premolars, 11/22; molars 33/33.
Jerdon's formula gives upper incisors 4.
NO. 92. SCOTOPHILUS FULIGINOSUSThe Smoky Bat (Jerdon's No. 40)HABITAT.Central Nepal.
DESCRIPTION (apud Hodgson)."Feet very small, included in the wing membrane nearly to the end of the toes; ears acutely pointed, shorter than the head; muzzle groved, nudish; face sharp; rostrum somewhat recurved; wholly sooty brown; a little smaller than Vesp. formosa."
I cannot find this bat mentioned by any other author, and Jerdon says it does not seem to be recognised.