From a small and poorly equipped enterprise, in fact large repair shops, the 30-year-old director creates an auto giant very quickly. Ivan visits the factories of Henry Ford in America, buys Buick, brings it to the capital, sorts it out in parts, introduces many technological innovations to the ZIS (since 1931 the Stalin Plant). In the same year, based on the American Autocar-5S, AMO-3 was created, the first full-sized truck in the USSR. Likhachev personally participates in the Moscow-Leningrad motor rally. In 1934 the volume of output of cars of various modifications reaches 100 000 per year.
In 1939, Likhachyov was appointed a Peoples Commissar of the average industry of the USSR. What is going wrong is not so with scrupulous execution of government decisions for part of compliance with the discipline in production, and Ivan Alekseevich returned to the plant. The main idea of the automaker is initiative from below at all levels. The output of cars reaches 150,000 per year. In October, the plant is evacuated to the Urals, where several powerful high-tech enterprises of various profiles are created on its basis.
An important achievement (in the opinion of the author) in 1951 the ZIL company organizes the production of quality refrigerators for the widest masses of the population of the USSR.
And, of course, a dubious model of cooperation is the creation, on the basis of documentation, and by Soviet workers, of the Automobile Plant No. 1 in China (1953). Later this, given by the USSR just like that, to strengthen friendship the company gets the name First Automobile Works (FAW), and to this day remains the leader of the automobile industry of the Celestial Empire.
The last Soviet truck ZIL-4331, out of a total volume of 1.6 million, is manufactured by the plant already on the verge of the collapse of the USSR. In 2016, the Moscow Administration decides to abandon production, destroy the remaining buildings, and use the liberated large areas for the construction of elite residential complexes.
In the years 19531956. Likhachev Minister of Road Transport and Highways of the USSR. He does not retire, and leaves this world in June 1956. The Moscow Automobile Plant (MAZ, the former ZIS, and the Pietro Ferrero Plant) receives the name of ID Likhachev (ZIL).
Private life. His wife is Anna, and her only daughter. Hobbies are a passionate football fan.
Andrey Stakhanov
Andrey Stakhanov. Birth 1905, etc. Lugovaya, Orel region (the neighborhood of the city of Orel) work as a shepherd, then, at the mine Central-Irmino in the Lugansk region as a horse-breeder, and a classic miner. The head of the mine, in order to avoid accusations of wrecking, need a loud success. In order to avoid raising the norms of production (therefore, adjusting the ratio the amount of coal mined the money earned), the miners refuse to take part in the action. All except Aleksey Stakhanov, enthusiastically accepted, and even developed the ideas of the party organizer of the mine Konstantin Petrov. On the night of August 1, 1935, Stakhanov picks up 102 tons of coal, instead of 7 tons, thereby raising labor productivity 14 times. The basis of the record is the scrupulous preparation of the work of the only champion; the preparation of arch fasteners, the stabilization of pressure in the jackhammer (due to the suspension of the rest), the organization of sufficient lighting, etc. In addition, starting from this case, a progressive payment system is used. Now all the coal is attributed to the slaughterer himself, and the work of his assistants skilled stitchers passes through a separate graph. Stakhanov receives 220 rubles, instead of the usual for a miner 2530. There is no information about the earnings of his two companions.
Alexei conducts high-ranking officials to the house, with applause and flowers, and then he remains, together with his cousin Evdokia (gypsy), facing a direct threat of physical destruction. At night they burst into the door. Yevdokia hides her husband in the basement, grabs a knife, and promises to deliver accurate punches to the first one who will pass the threshold The dust of Alekseis buddies subsides somewhat.
And, fate leads A. Stakhanov away from gloomy dungeons, to pleasant activities, speeches to collectives of workers and schoolchildren, envelops the ring of protection. Alexeis wife disappears-she dies from underground abortion, goes to the camp (leaving her children to her husband), is rejected by the leadership as an incorrect drummer companion, or something else-we do not know for sure.
At a school concert, Stakhanov gets acquainted with the 14-year-old Galina. Almost a formal girl not that she responds to the 30-year-old Hero of Labor with reciprocity, but she does not protest. Parents, caring about the welfare of their daughter, ascribe to her 2 years of life, and marry.
In 1936 the young people moved to Moscow. Stakhanov studies in the Industrial Academy is elected to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR lives in the famous House on the Embankment, gets a personal car. The success of the worker is personally monitored by Joseph Stalin (he often invites one to dinner, reviews the lecture notes). He, in fact, becomes the godfather of the miner. The journalist makes the mistake of calling Andrei Stakhanov Alexei. The leader declares: This is a good name the newspaper Pravda can not deceive and, in the opinion of his pet, not at all interested in, decides to write out the correct passport.
Vasiliy Stalin becomes a close friend and drinking companion of Stakhanov. Together they go into steep turns, break Stakhanovs GAZ M-1, smash the restaurant of the Metropol Hotel, catch the fish in its aquarium, and so on After all, concerned about his sons condition, I. Stalin sends the failed Coal Industry Commissar in Karaganda (Kazakhstan), where he becomes the chief of the mine.
In 1943, Alexei Grigorievich returned to Moscow, to the former remarkable apartment (Berestenevskaya embankment). He works in the sinecure the head of the sector of socialist competition, the Peoples Commissariat, whose head did not, and especially does not grieve.
In 1957, Khrushchev, for certain reasons, wishing to see Stakhanov closer to real production, calls Alexei into the office, and explains the whole situation. This is in fact necessary for foreign writers who form an opinion on the Country of Soviets. The Hero of Labor does not have to go through silly papers on the table. After all, I myself am a miner Nikita Sergeyevich pronounces, but Stakhanov unceremoniously cuts him off. What kind of (obscene word) miner!?.
Its all. Temporary reference is replaced by a lifelong one. The Stakhanov family, from Moscow and a five-room apartment with conveniences, refuses to go for the disgraced head. In Donbass town of Torez Aleksey Grigorievich becomes an assistant to the chief engineer of the mine. The trouble is that Stakhanov can actually no longer work. Salary Lehe Stakanov (from the word glass) is charged in any case. So a person gets out of a toning-up daily regime, gets out of the circle of fruitful communication, falls into depression and binge. In 1970, Stakhanov was remembered at the very top, sent K.T. Petrov to Torez, the same one who once organized the epoch-making record, with the mission of salvation. Konstantin Grigorievich finds his former protege in the most depressing state, under a fence (worse than you can imagine), laundered and delivers to Moscow. Here the miner is awarded the Order of the Hero of Socialist Labor, amicably welcomes labor collectives, etc., etc.