He must not approach a fire, enter a warm room, nor use warm water or clothing. When any part of the body is frozen, snow should be constantly applied to it. If no snow is at hand, the coldest water that can be obtained must be used with cloths, until the frozen member is gradually thawed out.
If you should be so unfortunate as to break or dislocate a limb, assume an easy position and calmly await the coming of the surgeon. If a finger only is fractured you can walk to his office.
What is said of this little book? To what are we liable and what should we know?What should be cultivated?
What is the rule concerning a blister which may form on any part of the body?
What is a good thing for boils? For the stings of insects? For slight burns?
What is the remedy for continued bleeding at the nose?
What is the proper course if your clothing should take fire?
What should be done with a person when he faints?
What is a boy apt to do when his ears or feet are frost-bitten?
Give the proper course to be followed.
What should be done with a slight cut?
How can you know that an artery has been cut? What must be done?
What is the office of the veins? What need be done if one of them is wounded?
Suppose your arm or leg is broken, what is the proper course? If it is only a finger?
CHAPTER XV THE NERVES, BRAIN, SPINAL CORD, ETC
muscles which move the bones are themselves moved by the nerves. The nerves are soft and pulpy in youth, but harden as you advance in years. They are composed of a gray substance, called the nerve-cell, and a white substance, known as the nerve-fibre.
The brain is the mass of nervous tissue within the skull. It is so tender and easily harmed that nature has walled it about by a hard, bony structure to protect it from injury.
The gray substance of the nerves is where nervous impulses begin, which are conducted along the white substance. The gray matter may be compared to a telegraph office where the message is started, while the white matter is the wire along which the message travels.
The spinal cord, or marrow, is a mass of soft, nervous tissue, which fills the hollow running the length of the spine or backbone.
From the base of the brain twelve pairs of nerves are given off to the face and head. One pair passes to the eye, and gives sight; one passes to the nose, and gives smell; one, to the mouth, tongue, and palate, and gives taste; one, to the ears, and gives hearing; and others to the face, neck, and head, and give the expressions of joy, sorrow, pain, anger, and doubt.
From the spinal cord thirty-one pairs of nerves pass to the various parts and organs of the body.
There could be no motion or feeling without the nerves, although they are not the true centres of either. If you obey the rules of health, as already laid down, you will be in the happy condition of those of whom it is said they do not feel that they have any nerves at all.
What move the muscles? How are the nerves in early youth? Of what are they composed? What are these parts called?What is the brain? How is it protected?
Where do nervous impulses begin? To what may the gray and white matter be compared?
What is the spinal cord?
How many pairs of nerves are given off from the brain? From the spine? Where do they go?
What is said of sensation and feeling? What if you obey the laws of health?
CHAPTER XVI SUNSTROKE AND POISONS
Very rarely indeed is a child sunstruck; but it is wise to guard against it, because it is often fatal. As I have just told you, you must keep out of the direct rays of the sun when the day is very hot. It is well to carry a wet handkerchief, or several large green leaves in the crown of your hat.
If the patient's body is very hot, his pulse high, he snores or moans, and is limp and senseless, he should be laid upon his face, his head slightly raised and cold water poured upon it for several minutes, from a height of four or five feet.
in a tumbler of warm water and swallow without a moment's delay.
At the end of five minutes, repeat the dose, and continue doing so for half an hour. If vomiting does not take place immediately, bring it on by thrusting the forefinger down the throat, since vomiting alone will save your life.
What is said of sunlight? When should the rays be avoided?What should be carried in the crown of the hat when the sunlight is very strong?
Describe the symptoms of sunstroke.
What is the first thing to do when a person suffers sunstroke? Suppose the surface of the body is warm? Suppose it is cool?
If the body is hot, pulse high, he snores, is limp, etc.?
If the pulse is feeble and fast, breathing light, body cool?
What course should be followed if poison is taken by mistake? Suppose the dose described does not cause vomiting?
What of sulphuric acid?
What is the only safe rule?